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A couple of posts back I mentioned that I have loads of unfinished projects sitting around in little boxes. Well one that needs quite a bit of work is my Symphonion Musical Box.
Now I bought this many years ago in a very sorry state, but the mechanical part was complete and playing. It also came with 30 odd discs. What it really needed was a smart new case as the previous owner had enclosed it in a square oak box when he discovered the original was full of woodworm.
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It is a Model 30 with twin combs playing in “Sublime Harmonie”.
It plays 13 3/8” discs from the discs numbered range 6000-6747.
“Sublime Harmonie” refers to a musical effect that relies on the slight dissonance created when two notes of ostensibly the same pitch are sounded, thus producing a richer and fuller sound.
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A "behind the scenes" view, showing the two combs.
The disc musical box was invented almost simultaneously in London by Ellis Parr, and in Leipzig by Paul Lochmann.
Initially, they worked separately on their inventions, but eventually got together and developed the Symphonion.
The Symphonion company, of Leipzig, began the manufacture of the first practical disc playing musical boxes in 1886.
From the front side of the disc
all you can see are two slits for each note played.
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Some companies punched only one hole producing only one projection on the back.
As it is these projection which pluck the star-wheel, the single projections were prone to snap off.
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In 1889 Paul Wendland an engineer for Symphonion
patented the starwheel which acts as the intermediary
between the tabs on the discs and the combs.
The starwheel had already been in use but this allowed for the horizontal mounting of the combs thereby increasing the acoustic quality of the music. The Symphonion Co. continued to make music boxes until 1914. In 1897 a production plant was established in New Jersey America but it was closed by 1902.
My Symphonion discs have two punched projections.
The second of these was folded over to support the first -
the one that engaged with the star-wheel.
They look like the small letter 'd'.
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I tried to get a close-up for you.
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Soon after Lochmann & Paul started their Leipzig production, two of his staff left and set up the rival Polyphon factory, also in Leipzig, and in 1892 they started production in New Jersey, USA, under the name Regina. Mermod and other Swiss manufacturers joined in, and by about 1900 disc machines were available in tremendous numbers and varieties, with discs up to 850 mm in diameter and including such effects as Sublime Harmonie and bells. Slot machines were made for use in public places, some fitted with automatic disc change. The disc machines were mostly mass-produced; their almost unlimited tune variety resulted in their soon eclipsing the cylinder musical box, being themselves duly eclipsed by the gramophone.
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Punching out a 15 1/2" Regina Disc.
In the 1930s the mechanical instrument industry began a near terminal decline, hit by the increasing availability of radio and gramophone and by the Depression, then by World War II. Most of the old firms closed.
I've popped up a couple of recordings of Symphonion musical boxes here.
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